Paris-based Reporters Without Borders (RSF) released the names of 23 Iranian journalists, editors and bloggers arrested since June 14 and said several others were believed to have been detained or had gone into hiding.
"The regime has been visibly shaken by its own population and does not want to let this perception endure. That is why the media have become a priority target," RSF said.
"The Islamic Republic of Iran now ranks alongside China as the world's biggest prison for journalists."
It said that jailed journalists were under pressure to make filmed confessions and that there were allegations of torture.
Newsweek said that Maziar Bahari, who has been living in Iran for the past decade, had been "detained without charge by Iranian authorities and has not been heard from since."
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